Giants and Atlantis: Revelations of Forbidden Archaeology by Laurent Glauzy

Author:Laurent Glauzy [Glauzy, Laurent]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Published: 2019-05-25T22:00:00+00:00

ADDENDUM I TO APPENDIX I

THE CARBON-14 DECEPTION[268]

In 1947, Dr. Willard Libby devised the carbon-14 dating technique using samples of plants and bone tissue.

How does this technique work?

Cosmic radiation penetrating the upper layer of the atmosphere causes a series of chemical reactions. The nitrogen-14 layer is transformed into carbon-14. However, the carbon isotope is very unstable. Half the carbon-14 atoms decompose after 5,730 years, to become nitrogen-14 once again. This duration corresponds to the half-life of carbon-14. If we multiply this by five, very few carbon-14 isotopes remain, too few for precise dating.

In the atmosphere, the two carbon isotopes combine with oxygen molecules to form carbon dioxide (CO2). The process of photosynthesis enables plants to capture carbon dioxide molecules containing carbon-14. When animals in the food chain eat plants, they absorb minuscule quantities of carbon-14. When a tree, animal or human being dies, it ceases to assimilate new molecules of carbon-14 and the carbon-14 contained in the body begins to diminish.

Some scientists, including Dr. Willard Libby,[269] acknowledge that the production of carbon-14 exceeds its decomposition rate by approximately 25%. This reality is denied by the evolutionists, stating that there has been a balance between CO2 formation and decomposition for 30,000 years. According to them, the earth has undergone no major changes or catastrophes for tens of thousands of years. This is the scientific philosophy of “uniformitarianism” invented by Sir Charles Lyell.[270]

Carbon-14 dating relies on five major erroneous assumptions:

- the formation of carbon-14 in the atmosphere has been constant for at least seventy thousand years;

- its production is the same everywhere;

- its content in objects and living beings is proportional to their life time;

- ancient samples being studied cannot be contaminated by solutions and a recent environment rich in carbon-14;

- the disproportional loss of carbon-14 is impossible, except by radioactive decomposition.

These assumptions show what little credibility can be credited to carbon-14 dating.

As a practical example, let’s take a room illuminated by a candle. The time required to burn the candle down to the end depends on a number of random factors: the carbon dioxide and oxygen content of the room may differ from the carbon dioxide and oxygen content of the air on the outside. If someone opens a door or extinguishes the candle and then lights it again, all the results will be falsified. Similarly, in an environment as large as the natural world, the rate of carbon-14 production will depend on several factors:

- the reduction in the magnetic field of the earth; when the latter deteriorates, more cosmic rays enter the upper layer of the atmosphere (this process leads to an increase in the production of carbon-14);

- atmospheric pollution due to volcanic activity or the emission of industrial fumes can screen out solar radiation and alter the proportion of gases in the atmosphere;

- solar activity entails a modification in solar radiation, temporarily changing the carbon-14 rate;

- meteorites and asteroids hitting the earth also have an incidence on carbon-14.

Can meteorites and asteroids affect the carbon-14 concentrations? In an article entitled Riddle

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